Various nations

Representatives of various nations and the more different races tend to various diseases and they have different action of drugs. This does not mean that one race or nation are better than others, just in their DNA, different blocks of genes. Related factors for disease are social and economic conditions, eating habits, environment, lifestyles of the nation, etc.

Studies conducted in the period from 1996 to 2001 at the American University of South Carolina, showed that African American women in the body contains more than Indian women or white women, lipoprotein - a substance that promotes the formation of plaques in blood vessels of the "bad" cholesterol. The presence of certain gene explains the more frequent occurrence of thrombosis in African-American women. Two years ago, published the results of a study on depression: white people, especially the Anglo-Irish roots, is more common gene variant that limits the production of serotonin, which means that the risk of depression, but blacks, by contrast, has a "protective" variant. Osteoporosis often occurs in white women of European ancestry than blacks. Overweight, common among blacks, is less dangerous for them than for whites.
Second type of diabetes affects 15 million Americans - almost 6% of the U.S. population, but it's mostly negros and Mexican Indian tribes. Diabetes affects of Pima Indians 10 times more than all the other inhabitants of the planet. In this regard, it is conjectured that the Pima Indians for centuries of hungry and malnourished and they spread gene variants, which in the past to protect and promote the accumulation of fats, but today, these genes only harm.

Found that some vaccine one Australian company is better brand name viagra act on the white Europeans and Asians. One of the drugs, which has carcinogenic properties of the side, is less dangerous for blacks than for whites.

Increasingly, American doctors after the measurement of pressure, the usual questions about the disease that is brought as a child, bad habits of parents, ask the patient about the origin of the family and ancestors: from Europe, Africa and India. This is not racism. Response may facilitate the diagnosis, to identify some genetic factors that influenced the disease, and in the future, possibly near, prescribe, depending on the patient's race the most effective drug.

Two years ago, there have been reports about an experiment being conducted in 160 American clinics. In the experiment with a new pharmacological treatment for certain heart diseases involve thousands of volunteers. All of them are black, because, according to statistics, these diseases are particularly vulnerable to African Americans. At an extremely costly experiment was obtained permit the federal government. A new drug called "Bayda will become the first" ethnic drug. "

A study conducted by the manufacturer of the drug company - Nitromed Incorporated, - showed that its use reduced the number of deaths from heart failure among black patients almost doubled, and the need for inpatient treatment fell by 39%. Do members of other racial groups, among which was held two of these same studies, Biden was not nearly as effective.

Until two years ago around the experiment baydilom an acute discussion. Opponents called him a "scientific heresy" or even racist blasphemy. They believe that there can be no biological reason to cure effectively with people of one race, and believe that this is nothing more than advertising campaign pharmaceutical company Nitromed, received a license to produce Bayda exclusively for blacks for 15 years.

However, the Office of the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of a new drug for the treatment of heart failure. For the first Not just a byproduct time the authorities approved the drug only for black people in the country. Bayda is a combination of two known drugs, none of which has not been approved for the treatment of heart failure. Doctors still do not quite understand how these two drugs act together. Despite the fact that management has approved the use of Bayda only for blacks, doctors can prescribe it to anyone who, in their opinion, the drug can help.

Office of the Food and Drug Administration, the organization is extremely strict, insisted that this decision - a step to more individualized medicine.

This issue was discussed not only genetics, but also ethnologists, sociologists, religious figures: the country with 123 different nations and nationalities of the discussion about the color of the skin began three centuries ago, but today it has moved into the sphere of genetic research.

Great expectations are associated with the creation of a special international card, which will determine a person's DNA blocks of genes responsible for belonging to a particular race. The project involving the best researchers from America and other countries, its implementation has already allocated $ 100 million. The ultimate goal is to collect thousands of blood samples from all over the world and study of these samples. According to sociologist at New York University, Troy Duster, "there is a dilemma of how to conduct such studies and to avoid danger at the same racist stereotypes." The solution offers another scientist: "Only specific data. And then common sense."

In the United States, where any public discussion of racial differences may be perceived as discrimination, which equates to crime, a country addicted to political correctness, etnogenetike - the science dealing with the study of drugs for members of different ethnic groups, even the inhabitants of different regions - have to move on a minefield.
Professor Aliy Asanov, Head of the Department of Medical Genetics, Moscow Medical Academy, said: here, in essence, two interrelated issues - first, to a greater degree of scientific, related to issues of human genetic diversity, and the second, more ethical - the possibility and admissibility of the impact certain substances, including drugs, to specific groups of people, ethnic groups, races. The cornerstone of the issues discussed is a proven scientific fact that all people on earth belong to one species - homo sapiens. This means that the genetic constitution of any human being has the same genes that control the same traits or characteristics. In the process of becoming of mankind dispersed throughout oykumene: from circumpolar regions to the arid zones of the deep lowlands to highlands.

Significant differences in habitat caused significant changes in the proportion of different alleles (alternative forms) of different genes in different ethnic groups (races), depending on their adaptive characteristics. Some alleles were given certain advantages of their holders in a particular habitat to others. Therefore, some ethnic groups may differ from others in the frequency of specific alleles. But we must always remember that these differences are only the frequencies of alleles, rather than the presence or absence of the gene itself. Different alleles may have by some different properties, for example, the transformation rate of a given substance, including medication, in its inactive form. Or "fast" allele in a short time removes from the body a particular substance, and "slow" contributes to its accumulation. Not surprising that some drugs are more effective in the treatment of certain diseases in the majority of members of certain ethnic groups or races. However, the differences reflect only the characteristics of the allelic diversity of human populations due to differences among the formation of ethnic groups, races, not the actual species homo sapiens.

Genetic analysis
American people